What is Sinus Node Dysfunction?
Sinus node dysfunction (also known as sick sinus syndrome) is a condition in which the heart beats slower than normal. Typically, this is caused by a defect in the heart electrical system. If the heart rate is persistently slow and causing significant symptoms, a pacemaker may be required. Some patients may experience a slow heart rate as well as a rapid heart rate in bursts, a condition known as tachycardia-bradyacrdia syndrome (or tachy-brady syndrome).
Risk Factors
- Hypertension
- Coronary artery disease
- Mitral regurgitation
- Tricuspid regurgitation
- Heart failure
Symptoms
- Sensation of heart racing or skipped heartbeats
- Chest tightness or discomfort
- Lightheadedness or dizziness
- Fainting or near fainting spells
- Shortness of breath
Diagnosis and Tests
- Electrocardiogram
- 24-hour Holter monitor
- 30-day event monitor
- Echocardiogram
- Stress test
Treatments
- Avoidance of medications that slow heart rate
- Permanent pacemaker implantation